-
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology... 2016Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive and rapidly growing tumor that is curable and highly sensitive to chemotherapy. It can affect almost every tissue in the body,... (Review)
Review
Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive and rapidly growing tumor that is curable and highly sensitive to chemotherapy. It can affect almost every tissue in the body, producing various clinical presentations and imaging appearances, according to the predilection of the different subtypes for certain sites. Awareness of its diagnostically specific imaging appearances plays an important role in rapid detection and treatment. In this pictorial review, we aimed to identify the most common imaging features of Burkitt lymphoma in pediatric patients.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male
PubMed: 26611257
DOI: 10.5152/dir.2015.15211 -
Physiological Reports Feb 2021Type A lactic acidosis is a potentially life-threatening complication in critically ill patients and is the hallmark of a shock state as a result of tissue hypoperfusion... (Review)
Review
Type A lactic acidosis is a potentially life-threatening complication in critically ill patients and is the hallmark of a shock state as a result of tissue hypoperfusion and dysoxia. Type B lactic acidosis results from mechanisms other than dysoxia and is a rare condition in patients with solid tumors or hematological malignancies. We present a case of a 60-year-old man with lactic acidosis who was found to have a Burkitt lymphoma related to a posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Lactagenic cancers are characterized by increased aerobic glycolysis and excessive lactate formation, a phenomenon described by Warburg in 1923 that is correlated with cancer aggressiveness and poor survival. There is increased glucose utilization with the purpose of lactagenesis under fully oxygenated conditions, as lactate seems to be a potent signaling molecule for angiogenesis, immune escape, cell migration, metastasis and self-sufficient metabolism, which are five essential steps of carcinogenesis. Type B lactic acidosis in association with malignancies carries an extremely poor prognosis. Currently, effective chemotherapy seems to be the only hope for survival.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Lactic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Burkitt Lymphoma; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Remission Induction; Treatment Outcome; Warburg Effect, Oncologic
PubMed: 33611854
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14737 -
Nature Communications Dec 2023In high-income countries, mosaic chromosomal alterations in peripheral blood leukocytes are associated with an elevated risk of adverse health outcomes, including...
In high-income countries, mosaic chromosomal alterations in peripheral blood leukocytes are associated with an elevated risk of adverse health outcomes, including hematologic malignancies. We investigate mosaic chromosomal alterations in sub-Saharan Africa among 931 children with Burkitt lymphoma, an aggressive lymphoma commonly characterized by immunoglobulin-MYC chromosomal rearrangements, 3822 Burkitt lymphoma-free children, and 674 cancer-free men from Ghana. We find autosomal and X chromosome mosaic chromosomal alterations in 3.4% and 1.7% of Burkitt lymphoma-free children, and 8.4% and 3.7% of children with Burkitt lymphoma (P-values = 5.7×10 and 3.74×10, respectively). Autosomal mosaic chromosomal alterations are detected in 14.0% of Ghanaian men and increase with age. Mosaic chromosomal alterations in Burkitt lymphoma cases include gains on chromosomes 1q and 8, the latter spanning MYC, while mosaic chromosomal alterations in Burkitt lymphoma-free children include copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 10, 14, and 16. Our results highlight mosaic chromosomal alterations in sub-Saharan African populations as a promising area of research.
Topics: Male; Child; Humans; Burkitt Lymphoma; Ghana; Chromosome Aberrations; Leukocytes; Immunoglobulins; Translocation, Genetic
PubMed: 38057307
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43881-0 -
Acta Bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis Jan 2019HIV-related Burkitt's lymphoma with initial oropharyngeal presentation is rarely reported. The aim of this paper is to report the clinical findings of an unusual case of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
HIV-related Burkitt's lymphoma with initial oropharyngeal presentation is rarely reported. The aim of this paper is to report the clinical findings of an unusual case of a patient with extranodal oropharyngeal Burkitt's lymphoma as presenting disease of an unknown HIV positivity and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
METHODS
We reported the case of a hispanic patient with extranodal oropharyngeal Burkitt's lymphoma as presenting disease of an unknown HIV positivity and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We describe the diagnostic work-up and treatment of this rare case of extranodal oropharyngeal Burkitt's lymphoma.
RESULTS
Histological exam on oropharyngeal incision biopsy documented a Burkitt's lymphoma. The patient underwent highly active antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy. After two years of follow-up the patient shows no signs of recurrence from disease.
CONCLUSIONS
HIV-related Burkitt's lymphoma presenting with primary oropharyngeal involvement is rare, with rapidly progressing dysphagia, and does not respond to antibiotherapy. Patients should undergo incision biopsy to rule out a malignancy. In young adults, diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma should suggest HIV infection. The importance of a prompt diagnosis in such cases is essential to correctly adequately staging the disease to start highly active antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy as soon as possible.
Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 30657128
DOI: 10.23750/abm.v89i4.6627 -
Nature Communications Mar 2022The incidence of obesity is rising with greater than 40% of the world's population expected to be overweight or suffering from obesity by 2030. This is alarming because...
The incidence of obesity is rising with greater than 40% of the world's population expected to be overweight or suffering from obesity by 2030. This is alarming because obesity increases mortality rates in patients with various cancer subtypes including leukemia. The survival differences between lean patients and patients with obesity are largely attributed to altered drug pharmacokinetics in patients receiving chemotherapy; whereas, the direct impact of an adipocyte-enriched microenvironment on cancer cells is rarely considered. Here we show that the adipocyte secretome upregulates the surface expression of Galectin-9 (GAL-9) on human B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (B-ALL) which promotes chemoresistance. Antibody-mediated targeting of GAL-9 on B-ALL cells induces DNA damage, alters cell cycle progression, and promotes apoptosis in vitro and significantly extends the survival of obese but not lean mice with aggressive B-ALL. Our studies reveal that adipocyte-mediated upregulation of GAL-9 on B-ALL cells can be targeted with antibody-based therapies to overcome obesity-induced chemoresistance.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Line, Tumor; Galectins; Humans; Mice; Obesity; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 35241678
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28839-y -
Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... May 1995
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Humans; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; White People
PubMed: 7669704
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a059206 -
BMC Pediatrics Aug 2012In female adolescents and young adults, malignancies of the genital tract are the most frequent type of cancer, closely followed by Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
BACKGROUND
In female adolescents and young adults, malignancies of the genital tract are the most frequent type of cancer, closely followed by Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report an unusual case of sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) presenting with massive bilateral ovarian infiltration, peritoneal carcinomatosis and diffuse nodular lesions of the stomach and the intestine mimicking Krukenberg tumor. Diagnostic biopsies were obtained by endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. With intensive chemotherapy, complete remission was rapidly achieved, without life-threatening tumor lysis syndrome.
CONCLUSION
Besides metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma, BL is an important differential diagnosis in adolescents presenting with Krukenberg tumor.
Topics: Adolescent; Burkitt Lymphoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Krukenberg Tumor; Ovarian Neoplasms
PubMed: 22866970
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-113 -
African Health Sciences Sep 2007Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was first described in Eastern Africa, initially thought to be a sarcoma of the jaw. Shortly it became well known that this was a distinct form... (Review)
Review
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was first described in Eastern Africa, initially thought to be a sarcoma of the jaw. Shortly it became well known that this was a distinct form of Non Hodgkin's lymphoma. The disease has given insight in all aspects of cancer research and care. Its peculiar epidemiology has led to the discovery of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and its importance in the cause of several viral illnesses and malignancies. The highest incidence and mortality rates of BL are seen in Eastern Africa. BL affects mainly children, and boys are more susceptible than girls. Evidence for a causal relationship between EBV and BL in the endemic form is fairly strong. Frequency of association between EBV and BL varies between different patient groups and different parts of the world. EBV may play a role in the pathogenesis of BL by deregulation of the oncogene c-MYC by chromosomal translocation. Although several studies suggest an association between malaria and BL, there has never been a conclusive population study in support of a direct role of malaria in causation of BL. The emergence of HIV and a distinct subtype of BL in HIV infected have brought a new dimension to the disease particularly in areas where both HIV and BL are endemic. BL has been reported as a common neoplasmin HIV infected patients, but not in other forms of immuno-depression, and the occurrence of BL seems to be higher amongst HIV positive adults, while the evidence of an association amongst children is still disputed. The role of other possible risk factors such as low socio-economical status, exposure to a plant species common in Africa called Euphorbiaceae, exposure to pesticies and to other infections such as schistosomiasis and arbovirus (an RNA virus transmitted by insect vectors) remain to be elucidated.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Africa; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 18052871
DOI: 10.5555/afhs.2007.7.3.166 -
Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology Apr 2024Burkitt's lymphoma, one of the most common subtypes of pediatric malignant lymphoma, is notorious for its swift onset, aggressive proliferation, pronounced invasiveness,...
BACKGROUND
Burkitt's lymphoma, one of the most common subtypes of pediatric malignant lymphoma, is notorious for its swift onset, aggressive proliferation, pronounced invasiveness, and marked malignancy. The therapeutic landscape for Burkitt's lymphoma currently falls short of providing universally effective and tolerable solutions. Andrographolide, a primary active component of Andrographis paniculata, is renowned for its properties of heat-clearing, detoxification, inflammation reduction, and pain relief. It is predominantly used in treating bacterial and viral infections of the upper respiratory tract, as well as dysentery. Various reports highlight the antitumor effects of andrographolide. Yet, its specific impact and the underlying mechanism of action on Burkitt's lymphoma remain an uncharted area of research.
METHOD
We employed network pharmacology to pinpoint the targets of andrographolide's action on Burkitt's lymphoma and the associated pathways. We then evaluated the impact of andrographolide on Burkitt's lymphoma using both in vitro and in vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Concurrently, we confirmed the molecular targets of andrographolide in Burkitt's lymphoma through immunofluorescence assays.
RESULT
Utilizing network pharmacology, we identified 15 relevant targets, 60 interrelationships between these targets, and numerous associated signaling pathways for andrographolide's action on Burkitt's lymphoma. In vitro efficacy tests using High-throughput Drug Sensitivity Testing and in vivo PDX model evaluations revealed that andrographolide effectively curtailed the growth of Burkitt's lymphoma. Moreover, we observed a increased in the expression of JUN (c-Jun) and CASP3 (Caspase 3) proteins in Burkitt's lymphoma cells treated with andrographolide.
CONCLUSION
Andrographolide inhibits the growth of Burkitt's lymphoma by inhibiting JUN and CASP3 proteins.
Topics: Humans; Child; Burkitt Lymphoma; Caspase 3; Diterpenes
PubMed: 38148335
DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04626-4 -
Haematologica Jul 2021
Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; Central Nervous System; Humans
PubMed: 33538157
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.278181